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1.
Rev. esp. cardiol. (Ed. impr.) ; 75(1): 50-59, ene. 2022. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-206935

RESUMO

Introducción y objetivos: La ventilación no invasiva (VNI) es capaz de reducir la necesidad de intubación endotraqueal y la mortalidad de los pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca aguda (ICA). Sin embargo, de muchos de los ensayos clínicos se ha excluido a los pacientes con ICA secundaria a síndrome coronario agudo o infarto agudo de miocardio (SCA-IAM). El objetivo de este estudio es comparar la efectividad de la VNI entre pacientes con ICA desencadenada por SCA-IAM y por otras causas. Métodos: Estudio prospectivo de cohortes, durante un periodo de 20 años, de todos los pacientes con ICA tratados con VNI ingresados en una unidad de cuidados intensivos. Se agrupó a los pacientes por la presencia o ausencia de SCA-IAM como causante del evento de ICA. Se definió el fracaso de la VNI por la necesidad de intubación endotraqueal o muerte. Resultados: Se analizó a 1.009 pacientes, 403 (40%) con SCA-IAM y 606 (60%) con otras etiologías. La VNI fracasó en 61 casos (15,1%) del grupo de SCA-IAM y 64 (10,6%) del grupo sin SCA-IAM (p=0,031), sin diferencias en la mortalidad hospitalaria (el 16,6 y el 14,9%; p=0,478). Conclusiones: El SCA-IAM como causa desencadenante de la ICA no influye en el pronóstico de los pacientes con insuficiencia respiratoria aguda que precisan asistencia respiratoria no invasiva (AU)


Introduction and objectives: Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has been shown to reduce the rate of endotracheal intubation and mortality in patients with acute heart failure (AHF). However, patients with AHF secondary to acute coronary syndrome/acute myocardial infarction (ACS-AMI) have been excluded from many clinical trials. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of NIV between patients with AHF triggered by ACS-AMI and by other etiologies. Methods: Prospective cohort study of all patients with AHF treated with NIV admitted to the intensive care unit for a period of 20 years. Patients were divided according to whether they had ACS-AMI as the cause of the AHF episode. NIV failure was defined as the need for endotracheal intubation or death. Results: A total of 1009 patients were analyzed, 403 (40%) showed ACS-AMI and 606 (60%) other etiologies. NIV failure occurred in 61 (15.1%) in the ACS-AMI group and in 64 (10.6%) in the other group (P=.031), without differences in in-hospital mortality (16.6% and 14.9%, respectively; P=.478). Conclusions: The presence of ACS-AMI as the triggering cause of AHF did not influence patients with acute respiratory failure requiring noninvasive respiratory support (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Insuficiência Cardíaca/etiologia , Infarto do Miocárdio/complicações , Insuficiência Cardíaca/mortalidade , Infarto do Miocárdio/mortalidade , Respiração Artificial , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Resultado do Tratamento , Estudos Prospectivos , Doença Aguda
2.
Rev Neurol ; 71(8): 292-297, 2020 Oct 16.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33034367

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is an entity with an incidence of approximately 1.2: 100,000 inhabitants/year. It affects in a greater proportion obese women and women of childbearing age. Headache is the most characteristic symptom, followed by visual disturbances. In recent years, the diagnosis of dural sinus stenosis has increased in cases of intracranial hypertension resistant to conventional treatment. For this reason, the development of endovascular therapy as a therapeutic option in selected patients is booming. CASE REPORTS: We present three cases of intracranial hypertension secondary to dural sinus stenosis, diagnosed and treated in our hospital. Despite the establishment of adequate diuretic treatment and the performance of invasive procedures to bypass the cerebrospinal fluid, they persisted with neurological symptoms and visual deficits. After verifying that they fulfilled the requirements described in the literature, they underwent intracranial stenting, with satisfactory results in all of them, achieving the disappearance of the headache and recovery of visual acuity. CONCLUSION: Stenting of dural sinus stenosis as a cause of intracranial hypertension is an increasingly used technique, which has presented favorable results. Studies are necessary to know its long-term impact.


TITLE: Tratamiento endovascular de la estenosis de los senos venosos intracraneales en la hipertensión intracraneal: descripción de tres casos y discusión de la bibliografía.Introducción. La hipertensión intracraneal idiopática es una entidad con una incidencia anual aproximada de 1,2 por cada 100.000 habitantes. Afecta en mayor proporción a mujeres obesas y en edad fértil. La cefalea es el síntoma más característico, seguido de las alteraciones visuales. En los últimos años, se ha incrementado el diagnóstico de la estenosis de los senos durales en los casos de hipertensión intracraneal resistentes al tratamiento convencional. Por ello, se encuentra en auge el desarrollo de la terapia endovascular como opción terapéutica en pacientes seleccionados. Casos clínicos. Se presentan tres casos de hipertensión intracraneal secundaria a estenosis de los senos durales, diagnosticados y tratados en nuestro hospital. A pesar de la instauración del adecuado tratamiento diurético y de la realización de procedimientos invasivos de derivación del líquido cefalorraquídeo, persistían la clínica neurológica y el déficit visual. Tras comprobar que cumplían los requisitos descritos en la bibliografía, se sometieron a la implantación de stent intracraneal (stenting), con resultado satisfactorio en todos ellos, logrando la desaparición de la cefalea y la recuperación de la agudeza visual. Conclusión. El stenting de la estenosis de los senos durales como causa de hipertensión intracraneal es una técnica cada vez más utilizada que ha presentado resultados favorables. Es necesaria la realización de estudios para conocer su impacto a largo plazo.


Assuntos
Pseudotumor Cerebral , Stents , Constrição Patológica , Feminino , Humanos , Pseudotumor Cerebral/complicações , Pseudotumor Cerebral/terapia , Transtornos da Visão/etiologia
3.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 38(2): 83-91, mar. 2014. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-124656

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Las alteraciones del metabolismo hidrocarbonado no conocidas son frecuentes en los pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio, sin que exista un consenso en que pacientes estudiar para su identificación precoz. Nuestro objetivo es evaluar qué variables al ingreso se asocian al diagnóstico posterior de una alteración de dicho metabolismo. DISEÑO: Estudio de cohortes prospectivo. Ámbito: Servicio de Medicina Intensiva del Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (Murcia), España. PACIENTES: Un total de 138 pacientes ingresados en la UCI con infarto agudo de miocardio sin diabetes conocida ni de novo fueron, transcurrido un año, estudiados mediante un test de sobrecarga oral de glucosa. Variables principales: Se recogieron variables clínicas y parámetros analíticos al ingreso y trascurrido un año. Además, al año, se realizó una sobrecarga oral de glucosa y se estudió la capacidad diagnóstica para la diabetes de las variables al ingreso mediante las curvas ROC y análisis multivariable. RESULTADOS: Entre 138 pacientes estudiados, 112 (72,5%) presentaron una alteración del metabolismo hidrocarbonado, incluido un 16,7% de diabetes. La HbA1c se asoció independientemente con el diagnóstico de diabetes (RR: 7,28, IC 95%: 1,65-32,05, p = 0,009) y presentó la mejor área bajo la curva ROC para diabetes (0,81, IC 95%: 0,69-0,92, p < 0,001). CONCLUSIONES: En los pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio, la HbA1c ayuda a identificar aquellos con alteración del metabolismo hidrocarbonado transcurrido un año. De esta forma, su determinación en este grupo de pacientes puede ser utilizada para identificar a aquellos que precisan un estudio mas detallado para establecer un diagnóstico precoz


OBJECTIVES: Undiagnosed abnormal glucose metabolism is often seen in patients admitted with acute myocardial infarction, although there is no consensus on which patients should be studied with a view to establishing an early diagnosis. The present study examines the potential of certain variables obtained upon admission to diagnose abnormal glucose metabolism. DESIGN: A prospective cohort study was carried out. SETTING: The Intensive Care Unit of Arrixaca University Hospital (Murcia), Spain. PATIENTS: A total of 138 patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit with acute myocardial infarction and without known or de novo diabetes mellitus. After one year, oral glucose tolerance testing was performed. Main outcomes: Clinical and laboratory test parameters were recorded upon admission and one year after discharge. Additionally, after one year, oral glucose tolerance tests were made, and a study was made of the capacity of the variables obtained at admission to diagnose diabetes, based on the ROC curves and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: Of the 138 patients, 112 (72.5%) had glucose metabolic alteration, including 16.7% with diabetes. HbA1c was independently associated with a diagnosis of diabetes (RR: 7.28, 95% CI 1.65 to 32.05, P = .009), and showed the largest area under the ROC curve for diabetes (0.81, 95% CI 0.69 to 0.92, P = .001). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with acute myocardial infarction, HbA1c helps identify those individuals with abnormal glucose metabolism after one year. Thus, its determination in this group of patients could be used to identify those subjects requiring a more exhaustive study in order to establish an early diagnosis


Assuntos
Humanos , Infarto do Miocárdio/fisiopatologia , Metabolismo dos Carboidratos/fisiologia , Erros Inatos do Metabolismo dos Carboidratos/fisiopatologia , Diabetes Mellitus/fisiopatologia , Biomarcadores/análise , Estudos Prospectivos , Teste de Tolerância a Glucose , Hemoglobinas Glicadas/análise , Fatores de Risco , Doenças Cardiovasculares/fisiopatologia
4.
Med Intensiva ; 38(2): 83-91, 2014 Mar.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23623422

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Undiagnosed abnormal glucose metabolism is often seen in patients admitted with acute myocardial infarction, although there is no consensus on which patients should be studied with a view to establishing an early diagnosis. The present study examines the potential of certain variables obtained upon admission to diagnose abnormal glucose metabolism. DESIGN: A prospective cohort study was carried out. SETTING: The Intensive Care Unit of Arrixaca University Hospital (Murcia), Spain. PATIENTS: A total of 138 patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit with acute myocardial infarction and without known or de novo diabetes mellitus. After one year, oral glucose tolerance testing was performed. MAIN OUTCOMES: Clinical and laboratory test parameters were recorded upon admission and one year after discharge. Additionally, after one year, oral glucose tolerance tests were made, and a study was made of the capacity of the variables obtained at admission to diagnose diabetes, based on the ROC curves and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: Of the 138 patients, 112 (72.5%) had glucose metabolic alteration, including 16.7% with diabetes. HbA1c was independently associated with a diagnosis of diabetes (RR: 7.28, 95%CI 1.65 to 32.05, P = .009), and showed the largest area under the ROC curve for diabetes (0.81, 95%CI 0.69 to 0.92, P = .001). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with acute myocardial infarction, HbA1c helps identify those individuals with abnormal glucose metabolism after one year. Thus, its determination in this group of patients could be used to identify those subjects requiring a more exhaustive study in order to establish an early diagnosis.


Assuntos
Metabolismo dos Carboidratos , Doenças Metabólicas/diagnóstico , Doenças Metabólicas/etiologia , Infarto do Miocárdio/complicações , Infarto do Miocárdio/metabolismo , Idoso , Doenças Cardiovasculares , Estudos de Coortes , Diagnóstico Precoce , Feminino , Teste de Tolerância a Glucose , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos
5.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 37(4): 248-258, mayo 2013. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-114749

RESUMO

Objetivo: Determinar si existe una asociación lineal de la edad y la administración de aspirina ,betabloque antes, inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de la angiotensina y estatinas, en qué medida los pacientes de edad avanzada reciben estos tratamientos y si la edad se asocia de forma independiente a estos tratamientos. Diseño: Estudio de cohortes prospectivo. Ámbito: Unidades Coronarias de 2 hospitales de la Región de Murcia Pacientes: Pacientes consecutivos ingresados con el diagnóstico de infarto agudo de miocardio entre enero de 1998 y enero de 2008.Intervenciones: Ninguna. Variables principales: Las relacionadas con la administración de aspirina, betabloqueantes, inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de la angiotensina y estatinas durante la estancia en la Unidad Coronaria. Resultados: Respecto al resto de pacientes, los octogenarios recibieron en similar proporción inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de la angiotensina (70,8 vs 69,3%, p=0,41) y con menor frecuencia aspirina (90,4 vs 94,6%, p<0,001), betabloqueantes (44,4 vs 69,4%, p<0,001) y estatinas(47,6 vs 64,7%, p<0,001). Solo pudo demostrarse una disminución brusca y significativa en la administración de estatinas a partir de los 80 años. La edad se asoció independientemente con la administración de betabloqueantes (OR 0,59; IC95% 0,47 - 0,73) y estatinas (OR 0,78;IC95% 0,65 - 0,95). La menor administración de estos fármacos también se asoció a una mayor (..) (AU)


Objectives: To determine whether there is a linear association of age and aspirin, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and statins; the extent to which elderly patients receive these treatments; and whether age is independently associated with these treatments. Design: A prospective cohort study. Setting: Coronary Unit of two hospitals in the Region of Murcia (Spain).Patients: Consecutive patients admitted with the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction between January 1998 and January 2008.Interventions: None. Main outcomes: Those related to the administration of aspirin, beta-blockers, angiotens nconverting enzyme inhibitors and statins during stay in the Coronary Care Unit. Results: Regarding the remaining patients, octogenarians received a similar proportion of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (70.8% vs. 69.3%, p=0.41) and less often aspirin (90.4%vs. 94.6%, p<0.001), beta-blockers (44.4% vs. 69.4%, p<0,001) and statins (47.6% vs. 64.7%,p<0.001). We were only able to demonstrate an abrupt and significant decrease in the use of statins after 80 years of age. Patient age was independently associated with the use of beta blockers (OR 0.59; 95%CI 0.47 - 0.73) and statins (OR 0.78; 95%CI 0.65 - 0.95). The lesser administration of these drugs was also associated with early mortality (OR 0.17, 95%CI 0.09 to0.33 and OR 0.14; 95%CI 0.08 to 0.23, respectively).Conclusions: Octogenarians less often receive aspirin, beta-blockers and statins, though old age was not an independent factor associated with lesser aspirin use (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Conduta do Tratamento Medicamentoso/organização & administração , Infarto do Miocárdio/tratamento farmacológico , Espectinomicina , Aspirina/uso terapêutico , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/uso terapêutico , Inibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Redutases/uso terapêutico , Estudos Prospectivos
6.
Med Intensiva ; 37(4): 248-58, 2013 May.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22763065

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether there is a linear association of age and aspirin, betablockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and statins; the extent to which elderly patients receive these treatments; and whether age is independently associated with these treatments. DESIGN: A prospective cohort study. SETTING: Coronary Unit of two hospitals in the Region of Murcia (Spain). PATIENTS: Consecutive patients admitted with the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction between January 1998 and January 2008. INTERVENTIONS: None. MAIN OUTCOMES: Those related to the administration of aspirin, betablockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and statins during stay in the Coronary Care Unit. RESULTS: Regarding the remaining patients, octogenarians received a similar proportion of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (70.8% vs. 69.3%, p=0.41) and less often aspirin (90.4% vs. 94.6%, p<0.001), betablockers (44.4% vs. 69.4%, p<0,001) and statins (47.6% vs. 64.7%, p<0.001). We were only able to demonstrate an abrupt and significant decrease in the use of statins after 80 years of age. Patient age was independently associated with the use of betablockers (OR 0.59; 95%CI 0.47 - 0.73) and statins (OR 0.78; 95%CI 0.65 - 0.95). The lesser administration of these drugs was also associated with early mortality (OR 0.17, 95%CI 0.09 to 0.33 and OR 0.14; 95%CI 0.08 to 0.23, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Octogenarians less often receive aspirin, betablockers and statins, though old age was not an independent factor associated with lesser aspirin use.


Assuntos
Uso de Medicamentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Infarto do Miocárdio/tratamento farmacológico , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Fatores Etários , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Inibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Redutases , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos
8.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 11(42): 219-231, abr.-jun. 2009. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-73115

RESUMO

Introducción: el sedentarismo es uno de los principales problemas de la sociedad actual.Este estudio analiza los principales factores que inciden en los hábitos de actividad física en jóvenesespañoles entre 6 y 15 años, y determina las principales tendencias de la actividad físicaen el tiempo libre entre el año 2003 y 2006.Métodos: estudio descriptivo realizado con los datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud(ENS) de 2003 y 2006. El tamaño de la muestra es de 4.420 niños entre 6 y 15 años en el 2003y de 5.771 en el 2006. Se realizó un primer análisis univariante, una regresión logística multivariantey finalmente calculamos la tendencia.Resultados: el 78,3% y 89,1% de esta población eran niños activos en el 2003 y 2006 respectivamente.El porcentaje de niños activos era superior al de niñas para todas las categoríasde edad, excepto para el rango de edad de 6-7 años del 2003. Los niños con una buena salud(valorada por sus padres) eran más activos que los que no la tenían. Los jóvenes cuyos padrestienen niveles de educación altos practican más actividad física que los de padres con estudiosinferiores.Conclusiones: la juventud realiza más ejercicio en su tiempo libre conforme aumenta suedad. Las estrategias dirigidas a la promoción de la actividad física en esta población deben teneren cuenta las variables edad, sexo, percepción de la salud y nivel de estudios del cabeza defamilia principalmente(AU)


Introduction: sedentary lifestyle is one of the main problems in present-day society. Thisstudy analyzes the main factors that have an influence on the physical activity habits among Spanish young people aged 6 to 15 and determines its main trends during leisure time from2003 to 2006.Methods: this is a cross-sectional study. The sample size is 4,420 children aged 6 to 15 in2003 and 5,771 in 2006. A first univariate analysis is carried out and then, with the resultingsignificant variables, a multivariant logistic regression is made. Finally, the trend is determined.Results: seventy-eight point three percent and the 89.1% of these children were activein 2003 and 2006 respectively. The percentage of active boys was higher than that of girls forall age categories, except for children aged 6 to 7 in 2003. Children with a good health (consideredby their parents) were more active than those without it. Those young people whoseparents have high educational levels, practice more physical activity than those whose parentshave lower studies.Conclusions: youth practise more exercise during their leisure time ultimately. The strategiesdirected to promote physical activity in children must take into account characteristicsof age, sex, health perception and educational level of the head of the household(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Atividade Motora/imunologia , Atividade Motora/fisiologia , Estilo de Vida , Comportamento Alimentar/fisiologia , Obesidade/complicações , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Desempenho Psicomotor/fisiologia , Estilo de Vida Saudável , Estudos Transversais , Análise Multivariada , Enquete Socioeconômica
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